A derivative work is a new work based on or adapted from an existing work.
In plain language, it is a transformation, adaptation, translation, sequel, remix, arrangement, dramatization, or other new expression built from earlier protected expression. Copyright law often gives the copyright owner control over preparing derivative works.
Why it matters
Derivative-work rights matter because changing a work does not automatically avoid copyright issues. A creator may add new expression, but still rely on protected expression from the original.
The term is important in publishing, music, film, software, fan works, translations, and licensing contracts.
Where it appears
The term appears in copyright licenses, infringement claims, publishing agreements, entertainment contracts, open-source license questions, and takedown disputes.
Practical example
A writer turns a copyrighted novel into an unauthorized stage play using the same characters and plot. The play may be a derivative work because it adapts protected expression from the original novel.
How it differs from nearby terms
A derivative work differs from fair use. Fair use may excuse some uses, but a work can be derivative and still need permission if fair use does not apply.
It also differs from public domain. If the source work is public domain, copyright permission from the old work’s owner is generally not needed.
Related terms
Quick knowledge check
Question: Why can a derivative work still raise copyright issues?
Answer: Because it may rely on protected expression from an earlier copyrighted work.